Neurodegenerative disorders and their treatment.

New Hopes and Challenges for Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders: Great Opportunities for Young Neuroscientists

Genus Boswellia as a new candidate for neurodegenerative disorders

Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by progressive loss of neurons, share common mechanisms such as apoptotic cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Genus Boswellia is a genus in the Burseraceae family. It comprises several species traditionally used for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, cerebral edema, chronic pain syndrome, gastrointestinal d...

Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors and their Role in Neurological Diseases

Glutamate is extensively and relatively uniformly distributed in the central nervous system (CNS) and its effects mediated by two distinct groups of receptors including Ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Concentration of glutamate in the nervous system is much higher than in other tissues. Glutamate receptors play an important role in synaptic transmission, neural plasticity and n...

Dopamine-Synthesizing Neurons: An Overview of Their Development and Application for Cell Therapy

Cell-gene therapy is a dynamic constituent of novel medical biotechnology. Neurodegenerative disordersin which damage to or demise of specific brain cell types plays central role, are clear examples of diseasecandidate for cell replacement therapy. Dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons biosynthesize dopamine, a vitalneurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Due to the involveme...

Bio-effectiveness of the main flavonoids of Achillea millefolium in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders- a review

The Achillea millefolium L. (Yarrow) is a common herb which is widely being used, worldwide. Achillea is being used for treatment of many disorders since centuries. It is considered safe for supplemental use and flavonoids such as kaempferol, luteolin and apigenin are of main constituents present in Achillea. Most of both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of this herb have been attri...

Exosomes: Future Perspective in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neurodegeneration is a progressive and irreversible loss of neuronal cells in specific regions of the brain. Alzheimer Diseases (AD) Parkinson Disease (PD) are the most common forms of neurodegenerative diseases in older people. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles that have a key role in physiological processes such as intercellular communication, cell migration, angiogenesis, and anti-tumo...